Bihar Board English Class 8 Radiance Ch 2 - Sleep : All Questions with Answers
| Board | Bihar School Examination Board |
| Class | 8 |
| Subject | English |
| Book Name | Radiance |
A. WARMER
Q. Why do we sleep ? Do all persons sleep for the same amount of time ?
Do you ever have dreams ? If yes, nararte the dreams which you like/dislike most. Why do you think we have dreams ?
Answer :
We sleep to freshen up our mind and body and to gain energy. No, all persons don't sleep for the same amount of time.
Yes, I have seen dreams for many times. I like dreams of gods. I dislike dreams of bad things. I think, we have dreams, when we overthink about anything. Sometimes, we have dreams to aware about our future.
B. LET'S COMPREHEND
B.1. THINK AND TELL
1. Answer the the following questions orally :
a. For how long does an average adult sleep ?
Answer :
7 hours and 20 minutes.
b. What are the most common causes of sleep problems ?
Answer :
Worry and depression causes sleep problems.
c. Tell some of the factors which affect sleep. Also add some new things which are not mentioned in the passage.
Answer :
Noise light, heat, cold, fear and tension.
d. When do the bodily functions get slow ?
Answer :
In the middle of the night.
B.2. THINK AND WRITE
B.2.1. On the basis of reading the lesson, try to complete the table by giving the five stages in one sleep cycle and two alternating phases :
Answer :
B.2.2. Write the answers to each of the following questions in about 50 words :
1. Do all adults require the same amount of sleep ? Find out how much sleep people of different age group require.
Answer :
An average adult sleeps for 7 hours and 20 minutes. About 8% of adults sleep for 5 hours and some sleep less than that. 4% of the adults need 10 hours or more sleep. So, all adults do not require the same amount of sleep. Children of 5 to 12 years need 10 to 11 hours sleep each night. Babies need to sleep for 14 to 18 hours. Elderly people need less sleep than they were young. They often take a nap during the day time.
2. Why does the author not favour sleeping pills ? Pick out the line that shows that the author does not favour them.
Answer :
Sleeping pills make people addicted to them. It creates another problems than sleep. So, the author does not favour sleeping pills.
The line that shows that the author does not favor them, from the text is "It is better to avoid them if we can. It is much better to identify the problem and remove it."
3. Have you ever felt sleep problems in your life ? Discuss in pairs and write down the possible causes of sleep problems.
Answer :
Krishna : Have you ever felt sleep problems in your life ?
Nootan : Yes, once I was sick. I had severe headache. I could not sleep till midnight.
Raman : When I hear loud noise in my surroundings, I cannot sleep.
Suman : When its too hot or cold, I feel uneasy in sleeping. I get to be awake for late night.
Shivam : When I go to some new place, I can't sleep for long in the new surroundings.
4. What are the consequences of regularly missing sleep for long periods of time ?
Answer :
The consequences or the result of "regularly missing sleep for long periods of time are very bad. The affected person becomes abnormal.' He begins to behave strangely. His ability to concentrate on things or studies and his judgement' ability gets impaired.
C. WORD STUDY
C.1. There are six words connected with sleep. Find them out from the grid. You may use the clues below.
- happening by turns, first one and then the other (para3)
- old people (para2)
- state of being sad or gloomy (para8)
- weakned (para7)
- abnormal (para 7)
- used to (para 5)
C.2. Read the following sentences carefully.
(a) The elderly need less sleep.
(b) When we sleep, the bodily functions slow down.
(c) You soon begin to behave strangely.
In the above sentences words with '-ly' have different functions to perform. In sentence (a), 'the elderly' means the elderly people and it functions as a noun. In sentence (b), the word 'bodily' is describing the noun "functions". Therefore, 'bodily' is an adjective and it comes before the noun. In sentence (c), the word 'strangely' clearly qualifies the verb 'behave'. It functions as an adverb. Notice that 'y' of 'body' is changed to 'i' in 'bodily'.
(i) Now, try to find out what different functions the '-ly' words perform in the sentences given below :
(a) The easterly winds bring rain.
(b) He visits us rarely nowdays.
(c) The lion was vastly amused.
(d) This restaurant provides us homely meals.
(e) His monthly salary is very high.
(f) The student has solved this sum correctly.
(g) The children danced happily.
(h) He read the book thoroughly.
Answer :
(a) In sentence (a) 'Easterly' qualifies the whole sentence. Which winds bring rain ? The answer is 'easterly'. So it functions as an adverb. So, eastely is an adverb.
(b) In sentence (b) the word 'rarely' qualifies the verb 'visits' and therefore it function as an adverb.
(c) 'vastly' qualifies the adjective word 'amused' so it is an adverb.
(d) 'homely' is describing 'meals' which is a noun. Therefore, homely is an adjective.
(e) 'monthly' describes the noun 'salary'. So, 'monthly' is an adjective.
(f) 'correctly' qualifies the verb 'solved'. So it is an adverb.
(g) 'happily' qualifies the verb 'danced'. So it is an adverb.
(h) 'thoroughly' qualifies the verb 'read' so it is an adverb.
(ii) Pick out words from the text to which '-ly' can be added to form new words.
Answer :
The words from the text to which '-ly' can be added to form new words are :
- Sleep - Sleeplessly
- Need - Needily
- Health - Healthily
- Attention - Attentively
- Necessary - Necessarily
- Disorder - Disorderly
- Average - Averagely
D. GRAMMAR
D.1. Simple, Compound and Complex Sentences
Read the following sentences :
(a) A lot of people have serious sleep problems.
(b) You lose the ability to concentrate and your judgement gets impaired.
(c) When we sleep, the bodily functions slow down.
Here in sentence (a) there is only one subject (a lot of people) and a finite verb (have); therefore, it is a simple sentence. On the other hand, the sentence (b) and (c) have more than one subject and finite verb, so they are either compound or complex sentences.
In sentence (b) we see that the two simple sentences (i) You lose the ability to concentrate and (ii) your judgement gets impaired are linked with 'and', a co - ordinating conjunction. And hence it is a compound sentence. Other coordinating conjuctions are : but, or.
A compond sentence has two or more independent clauses that are generally linked with co-ordinating conjunction like 'and' 'but' 'or' . The important thing to remember is that the two clauses that we join together should be either similar or contrasting.
Sentence (c) has one main clause 'the bodily functions slow down' and one subordinate clause 'we sleep'. Therefore, it is a complex sentence, as both the clauses are joined with a subordinate conjunction 'when'. Other subordinating conjunctions are :
While, who, which, that, since, after, if, unless, however, as
Read the text again and find one example of each type of sentence. In the compound and complex sentences, encirce the clauses and name them, e.g. independent clauses, subordinating clauses, co-ordinating clauses.
Answer :
👉 Simple Sentence - Our brain needs sleep.
Subject - our brain
Finite verb - needs.
👉 Compound Sentence - There are no rules about how much sleep is necessary but an average adult sleeps for seven hours and twenty minutes. Two simple sentences in this example are :
- There are no rules about how much sleep is necessary,
- An average adult sleeps for seven hours and twenty minutes,
Co - ordinating conjunction - but
👉 Complex Sentence - If you don't get enough sleep, you can forget what you learnt.
Main clause - You can forget what you learnt,
Subordinate clause - You don't get enough sleep.
Subordinate conjunction - If
D.1.1. Read the following extract and identify the type of sentences - simple, compound and complex :
The Rose Ringed Parakeet
One of the most beautiful birds in the rose - ringed parakeet. Parakeets are brilliant green. When perched on a tree they are hardly visible as their colour mingles with the green of the leaves.
The male bird has a rose - pink and black collar round his neck. Both the male and female birds have large brilliant red bills.
These birds eat fruits and grain, and they cause much destruction. A large part of the fruit goes waste as the birds leave it half - eaten.
The mother bird lays four to six almost white round eggs, usually between February and April. She places them in hole in a tree or wall. Both parents look after the eggs.
Answer :
| Simple Sentence | Compound Sentences | Complex Sentences |
|---|---|---|
| Both parents look after the eggs | She places them in hole in a tree or wall. | A large part of the fruit goes waste as the birds leave it half-eaten. |
| The mother bird lays four to six almost white round eggs, usually between February and April. | When perched on a tree they are hardly visible as their color mingles with the green of the leaves | |
| These birds eat fruit and grain, and they cause much destruction. | ||
| Both the male and female birds have large brilliant red bills. | ||
| The male bird has a rose-pink and black collar around his neck |
E. LET'S TALK
Work in groups of four and talk about your sleeping habits. You can ask and answer the following questions :
(a) How many hours of sleep do you take normally ?
(b) Do you fall asleep as soon as you go to bed ?
(c) Do you have any sort of sleep problems ? If yes, what are they ?
(d) When do you find it difficult to sleep ?
(e) What happens to you when you keep awake for longer period of time ?
(f) .........................................................................................................
Now one student from each group will share the views of the group with the rest of the class.
Answer :
Suman : Normally, I take eight hours sleep.
Krishna : Do you fall asleep as soon as you go to bed ?
Nootan : No, it takes sometime for me to fall asleep.
Shivam : Do you have any sort of sleep problems? If yes. what are they?
Shweta : I can't sleep when the light is on. And when it is too hot or too cold then also it takes time for me to sleep.
Shubham : When do you find it difficult to sleep?
Shiva : When there is loud noise around me, I find difficult to sleep.
Ram : What happens to you when you keep awake for longer period of time?
Divya : Then, I feel disturbed for a long time in the following days. I become irritated. I feel like becoming abnormal.
Lakshmi : And how do you feel having a sound sleep?
Saloni : Havind sound sleep, 1 feel fresh and happy for the whole day.
F. COMPOSITION
Write a short paragraph in 100 words on "The Importance of Sound Sleep".
Before you get down to write your final paragraph you must jot down your points and organise your points in the correct sequence. Prepare a rough draft and check whether all the points that you had noted down have been included and are organised in their proper order. You must also check the spellings of words, punctuation marks and capital letters.
Answer :
The Importance of Sound Sleep
A sound mind rests in a sound body. And sound sleep gives up both. The person who enjoys sound sleep is a happy person on the earth. It helps us to become fresh and energetic. Having a sound sleep we can concentrate on our studies betterly. Then, we can get good mood and get along well with our friends and our family members. Sound sleep is a boon for us. It is necesary for all of us.
G. TRANSLATION
Translate the first two paragraphs into Hindi or your mother tongue.
Answer :
कोई नहीं जानता कि हम क्यों सोते हैं, लेकिन हम सभी को इसकी आवश्यकता है। नींद हमारे शरीर और मस्तिष्क को विकसित और बढ़ने में मदद करती है। हमारे शरीर को स्वस्थ रहने और बीमारी से लड़ने के लिए नींद की जरूरत होती है। नींद के दौरान, हमारी मांसपेशियां, हड्डियां और त्वचा बढ़ सकती हैं और मांसपेशियां, त्वचा और अन्य हिस्से चोटों को ठीक कर सकते हैं। हमारे मस्तिष्क को नींद की जरूरत होती है। नींद हमारे दिमाग को सीखी हुई बातों को याद रखने में मदद करती है। यह मस्तिष्क को ध्यान देने और ध्यान केंद्रित करने में भी मदद करता है।
कितनी नींद जरूरी है, इसके बारे में कोई नियम नहीं है, लेकिन एक औसत वयस्क सात घंटे और बीस मिनट तक सोता है। लगभग 8% वयस्क पाँच घंटे या उससे कम नींद से खुश हैं और 4% दस घंटे या उससे अधिक चाहते हैं। 5 से 12 साल की उम्र के बच्चों को हर रात 10 से 11 घंटे की नींद की जरूरत होती है। शिशुओं को चौदह से अठारह घंटों के बीच की आवश्यकता होती है, जबकि बुजुर्गों को युवावस्था की तुलना में कम समय की आवश्यकता होती है; वे अक्सर दिन में 1 झपकी लेते हैं।