Notes can help you in revising the whole chapter in less time. If exams are near or you have class test next day then you can easily understand all the important points and concepts through notes made by our subject - expert teacher at Textual Solution. We have divided the Revision Notes in three sections - Chapter At A Glance, Important Terms & Their Explanation and Important Dates And Events of Chapter 2 Class 10 - Nationalism In India.
Chapter At A Glance
- The First World War started in 1914 and ended in 1918 A.D.
- Gandhiji led the Indian National Movement from 1919 to 1947 A.D. He united all the elements of the movement under one banner. He launched one mass movements viz. Non - Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit India Movement.
- The Second World War began in 1939 A.D. and ended in 1945 A.D.
- The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on 13th April, 1919 in Amritsar. General Dyer ordered his troops to open fires on innocent people gathered at Jallianwala Bagh.
- The Khilafat Movement was organised by Ali brothers in protest against the injustice done to Turkey after the First World War.
- The British Government sent the Simon Commission of seven members headed by Sir John Simon to review the reforms of 1919 A.D. Since no Indian was included in this Commission, the Congress boycotted it.
- The Congress held its session at Lahore in 1929 A.D. under the presidentship of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and passed the resolution of Poorna Swaraj or Complete First Independence. Independence Day was celebrated in all important towns on 26th January, 1930 A.D.
- The British Government convened the First Round Table Conference in November 1930 to consider giving a shape to the reforms proposed by the Simon Commission. The Congress boycotted this conference. In 1931 A.D., the Viceroy Lord Irwin persuaded Gandhiji to stop the Civil Disobedience Movement and take part in the Second Round Table Conference. Gandhiji went to England and participated in the Second Round Table Conference but could achieve nothing.
- Based on the recommendations of the Simon Commission, the British Government passed the Government of India Act, 1935 A.D. which provided responsible governments in the provinces by elected representatives.
- Elections were held in the country in 1937 A.D. and the Congress was able to get majority in seven out of eleven provinces. Ministries were formed and started doing good work for the people.
- The Second World War broke out in September 1939 A.D. The British Government declared India as a participant in war without consulting the Congress. All the Congress ministers resigned in November 1939 A.D. in protest.
- The British passed several Acts to suppress Indians. But they had to surrender and grant freedom to India on August 15, 1947 A.D.
Important Terms & Their Explanation
- Forced recruitment : A process by which the colonial state forced people to join the army.
- Boycott : The refusal to deal and associate with people, or participate in activities, or buy and use things; usually a form of protest.
- Picket : A form of demonstration or protest by which people block the entrance to a shop, factory or office.
- Begar : Labour that people are forced to contribute without any payment.
Important Dates And Events
- 1918 - 19 : Distressed UP peasants organised by Baba Ramchandra.
- April 1919 : Gandhian hartal against Rowlatt Act; Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
- January 1921 : Non - Cooperation and Khilafat Movements launched.
- February 1922 : Chauri Chaura : Gandhiji withdraws Non - Cooperation Movement.
- May 1924 : Alluri Sitarama Raju arrested ending a two - year armed tribal struggle.
- December 1929 : Lahore Congress; Congress adopts the demand for 'Purna Swaraj'.
- 1930 : Ambedkar establishes Depressed Classes Association.
- March 1930 : Gandhiji begins Civil Disobedience Movement by breaking salt law at Dandi.
- March 1931 : Gandhiji suspended Civil Disobedience Movement for the time being.
- December 1931 : Second Round Table Conference
- 1932 : Civil Disobedience re - launched