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| Zakir Husain |
1. Charity begins at home.
Answer :
This well - known saying means that the first duty of a person is to care for his own family. This is true enough. If we do not set our house in order, how can we help and care for others ? So, one must, first of all, improve oneself and one's family before one can think of helping others.
2. The entire world is a family.
Answer :
People in old times didn't think beyond their family or their tribe. But our ancestors preached that the whole world is a family. This means that we should be broad minded and love every human being irrespective of caste, colour, creed or nationality. Today it has far greater relevance than ever before. Today the world is like a village. We all are neighbours. We should live like a family to encourage peace and love. If we live like a family, there will be no war and no hatred.
3. Individuals and family are independent.
Answer :
There can be no two opinions that individual and family are interdependent. The family looks after each individual member. The individual can attain full stature with the help of the family. But family consists of an individual. Each individual must care for the family so that family is healthy, united and prosperous. The family is like our body, and its different organs are its members. Each organ contributes to the development of the body, and the body nourishes each organ.
B.1. 1. Complete the following sentences on the basis of the lesson :
a) Dr Radhakrishnan never lost his faith in ..................
b) Dr Radhakrishnan always championed .....................
c) Dr Zakir Husain entered the office of the president in a spirit of a ..................
d) According to Dr Zakir Husain, the value remains ....................
e) According to Dr Zakir Husain, education is ........................
Answer :
a) the essential humanity of man.
b) the right of tall men to live in dignity and with justice.
c) prayerful humanity and dedication.
d) eternally valid.
e) primary instrument of national purpose.
B.1. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :
1) What did Dr Radhakrishnan bring to the Presidency ?
Answer :
Dr Radhakrishnan brought to the office of the President a rare degree of learning and wealth of experience. He had a firm belief in the essential humanity of a man, the right of all men to live in dignity with justice and oneness of all true spiritual values.
2) What oath did Dr Zakir Husain take of ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain was elected as the President of India. He took the oath of loyalty to the constitution.
3) What is the business of education ?
Answer :
According to Dr Zakir Husain, the business of education is constantly to renew the process of growth of national culture and national character.
4) What did Dr Zakir Husain pledge himself to ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain commited himself to the service of the totality of India's culture. He pledged to serve the people and work for their welfare irrespective of religion, language, caste, colour and creed.
5) What does 'work on one's self' mean ? What is its end - product ?
Answer :
'work on one's self' means to follow the urge towards moral development as a free person under self - imposed discipline. Its end - product is a free moral personality.
6) What shall we dedicate ourselves to ?
Answer :
We should dedicate ourselves for the improvement of ourselves to serve the society for a better, a juster and a more graceful way of life.
7) When was Dr Zakir Husain born ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain was born in Hyderabad in 1897.
8) How long did Dr Zakir Husain live ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain died in 1969. Thus, he lived for 72 years.
9) On what occasion did Dr Zakir Husain deliver this speech ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain was elected the third president of India in 1967. He delivered this speech after taking the oath of the office of the president.
10) Why does Dr Zakir Husain call India "the young State of an ancient people" ?
Answer :
India is an ancient civilization. The history of people goes back to thousands of years. But it is a new state that was born after India owned freedom in August 1947 and became a Republic on 26th January 1950.
C. 1. Long Answer Questions
1. 'This work, as I see it, has two aspects.' What are the 'two aspects of works' ? Explain in your own words.
Answer :
The two aspects of work are :
- Individual work
- Social works
2. What did Dr Zakir Husain say about material and cultural life, individual and social development, giving a special flavour to India ?
Answer :
Dr Zakir Husain in his speech has said about material and cultural life, individual and social development in India.
Material and Cultural Life : Regarding the material life of our people, the author says that we should work more and more, our work should be silent, sincere, solid and steady. Regarding our cultural life, the author is sincere. He says that our culture is alive and dynamic. Our past culture is inherited by our ancient sages right from Adipurush, Mannu to St. Tulsidas. It is still alive and progression day by day.
Individual and social development : "Regarding individual and social development, Dr Zakir Husain, says that both individual and social development of our country is co-related to each other. For individual development there are two types of work. One work for personal benefit both financial and moral. But for 'two types of personal gains one must go to society. The author says that the individuality can not grow in full perfection without social help.
3. 'Power should be used only for moral purposes.' Explain.
Answer :
Power plays a dominant role in human society, the power of the manpower of society and the power of the state are the main kinds of power. According to Mahatma Gandhi power should be used only for moral purposes. If a strong man is engaged in a work, there is peace. Regarding state power the author says that the state to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. So, the moral purpose of power is essential for all - round development of the society.
4. 'The past is not dead and static'. How does Zakir Husain emphasise the significance of past ?
Answer :
According to Dr. Zakir Husian there is a great significance of our past history. To him , we should pledge our loyalty to our past culture. We should not mind from where our past culture came and who brought the culture. The important thing is that our past glory is of great value. Our past glory and culture is the base on which the growth of our national culture and national character depends. So, the author is right to say that our past history is not dead and static. It is still alive and dynamic. Our prospect of future depends on the importance of past.
5. What does Zakir Husain exhort us to do to build the new life of the nation ?
Answer :
The author in his speech has tried his best to advise us to labour hard to build the new life of the nation. To him, our family of the nation is big. We are countinuously growing very fast. We shall have to participate in building its new life. He advises the people of India not to sit idle. Our work for the nation is hard, but we should not be discouraged. He says the situtaion of the country demands of us work, work and work more, silent and sincere work, solid and steady reconstruction of the whole matrial and cultural life of our people.
6. In what context does Dr Zakir Husain say "Bharat is my home" ?
Answer :
In his presidental speech, Dr. Zakir Husian expresses his national feelings. He loves his nation. He says that the he is devoted to the loyalty of our past culture. He also promises to work for the development of our ancient culture. He pledges himself to work for the strength of the nation and its progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste , colour and creed. He says that "The whole of Bharat is my home and its people are my family". He is proud of being a citizen of Bharat. He says that it is the greatness of the people that they have chosen him to make him the head of this family. He pledges to make his home 'Bharat' strong and beautiful. He would make the life of the people prosperous and graceful. Here, a strong feeling of nationality of the author is clearly expressed. Zakir Husain was a great nationalist.