NCERT Solution : Rural Administration - Chapter 6, Class 6 ; Social and Political Life - I
Page no - 50
1. If there is a theft in your house which Police station would you go to register your complaint ?
Answer:
If there is a theft in the house we can go anf register in the case only in the police station which comes in the area of work.
2. What was the dispute between Mohan and Raghu ?
Answer:
Mohan and Raghu had adjacent plots of land, which were separated by a small boundry. One morning Mohan noticed that Raghu had shifted the boundary wall by a few feet and he had managed to take over some of Mohan's land, and increased the size of his own land.
3. Why was Mohan worried about picking a quarrel with Raghu ?
Answer:
Raghu was an owner of several plots of land in the village and his uncle was also a Sarpanch of the village. These were the reasons due to which Mohan hestitated to pick up a quarrel with Raghu.
4. Some people said Mohan should report the matter to the police and others said he should not. What were the arguments they gave ?
Answer:
Some of the villagers were doubtful, if this was a good idea to report the matter to the police. They felt they would waste lots of money and nothing would come out of it. They also said that Raghu's family would have already contacted the police station. After much discussion it was decided that Mohan would go to the police station along with some of the neighbours who had seen the incident.
5. Show the above situation in the police station through a skit. Then talk about how you felt playing Mohan's role or that of the S.H.O or the neighbours. Could the S.H.O have handled the situation differently ?
Answer:
The scene is in the Police Station and Mohan entries the Police Station and goes to the person in charge (SHO).
Mohan : I have a case to register. (He makes a request the clothes were torn and covered with blood with folded hands).
SHO : (The behaviour was very rude.) I cannot waste my time on petty and writing minor complaints.
Mohan : It may be petty case for you. For me, it is the question of my land which has been used by my neighbour Raghu. He shifted the boundary wall by a few feet.
I have Patwari records as a proof.
SHO : I do not believe in this story and patwari records.
Mohan : (was puzzled.) He called his neighbours into the office.
SHO : Who are they ? Why have they come ?
Mohan : (showed his injuries.)
Neighbours : (They spoke in chorous.) We have been the witness, when Mohan was mercilessly beaten by Raghu's men. We have given the first aid. If we had not intervened, Mohan's life would have been in danger. They insisted that the case be registered.
SHO : (Reluctantly) Agreed to register the case and be promised to send a constable who would investigate the case.
Talk about Mohan's role.
I was very angry and frightened when I went to Raghu's house. Raghu was a large landowner and an influential person. When I made a complaint to Raghu. I was mercilessly beaten. We went to the police station, but, the SHO refused to register the case. Why ? I don't know. Has Raghu already informed him ? We, who are poor, will get no justice. I was relieved when my neighbours intervened and the case was registered.
SHO : I was filled with pity when I saw the condition of Mohan. I wanted to help him but I was threatened not to register the case. Reluctantly I had to register it. I was greatly relieved that I have done a good deed.
Neighbours : They had collectively supported Mohan and promised to be the witness in the case. It was through their collective effort that case was registered.
Could the SHO have handled the situation differently ?
Yes, the SHO could have handed the situation differently. Instead of rebuking Mohan, the SHO could have given a patient hearing. He should have called the neighbours separately to know what had happened. His behaviour was very rude.
Page no - 51
Q. Find out the term used for the Patwari in your state.
Answer:
The Patwari is known by different names in different states. In some villages such officers are called Lekhpals, in other Kanungo or Karamchari or Village Officer.
Q. If you live in a rural area find out :
- How many villages does the Patwari of your area maintain land records of ?
- How do People in the village contact him/her ?
Answer:
- The Patwari maintains land records of several villages.
- Patwari is a person who keeps all land records and is responsible for the collection of land revenue. So, if a person wants to buy or sell land, a record is maintained by the Patwari. The farmers may change the crop grown in the field or construct a well in the field. All these changes are kept in the record of the Patwari.
Page no - 52
1. Who owns the land south of Mohan's field ?
Answer:
Raghu Ram owns the land south of Mohan's field.
2. Mark the common boundary between Mohan's and Raghu's lands.
Answer:
3. Who can use field no 3 ?
Answer:
The field no 3 belongs to Madhya Pradesh government and can only be used by the Madhya Pradesh government.
4. What information can one get for field no 2 and field no 3 ?
Answer :
Field no 2
The field belongs to Raghu Ram, son of Ratan Lal Village Amrapura. He is the owner of the land. The land is not rented, it is used by the owner himself. The area of the land is 2.75 hectares. The second crop is grown in an area of 1.75 hectares, area not cultivated but left fallow is 0.25 hectares. There is a well in the field, which is in a working condition.
Field no. 3
This plot of land belongs to the Madhya Pradesh government. The area of plot is 6 hectares. It is a grassland. The land is not rented out. The land is used for grazing. Well is in working condition.
Page no - 53
Q. Farmers often require a copy of their land's record together with a map, as shown in the previous illustration. They have a right to this information. They may have to pay a small fee for this.
However, this information is not easily made available and farmers sometimes have to face many problems to get it. In some states, records are now being computerised and also kept at the Panchayat office so that they are more easily available and regularly updated.
When do you think farmers may require a copy of this record ? Study the following situations and identify the cases in which these records would be necessary and why.
❋ A farmer wants to buy a plot of land from another.
Answer:
The farmer will be able to find the owner of the land, size of the land and whether it is rented out or not.
❋ A farmer wants to sell her produce to another.
Answer:
The farmer will not need the records. When he will sell his produce, it will be a cash transaction or on a loan for a few days.
❋ A farmer wants a loan from the bank to dig a well in her land.
Answer:
When a person takes a loan from the bank, he has to mortgage his property with the bank, as a seurity. For this, he has to show the records of his ownership and the size of the plot of land.
❋ A farmers wants to purchase fertilizers for his land.
Answer:
If the farmer wants to buy fertilizers for his land it will be a cash transaction or it will give on loan, for a few days.
❋ A farmer wants to divide his property among his children.
Answer:
When the farmer wants to divide his property among his children, he will give a copy of record to each child. The children will have to get their property registered and the record will be a proof of inheritance.
Questions, Page no - 56
1. What is the work of the Police ?
Answer:
- It is the responsibility of the police to register all cases of theft, accident, injury, fight etc.
- The police has to investigate and take action on the cases within its area.
2. List two things that the work of a Patwari includes.
Answer :
- The main work of the Patwari is to measure land and keeps land records. The Patwari maintains and updates the records of the village.
- Patwari is also responsible for organising the collection of land revenue from the farmers and providing information to the government about the crops grown in his area. This is done from the records that are kept and that is why it is important for the Patwari to update the records regularly.
3. What is the work of a tehsildar ?
Answer:
The tehsildars are the revenue officers working under the District Collector. The works of the tehsildar are as follows -
- to hear disputes regarding land.
- to supervise the work of the Patwari and ensure that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
- to make sure that farmers can easily obtain a copy of their record.
- Students can obtain their caste certificates from him.
4. What issue is the poem trying to raise ? Do you think this is an important issue ? Why ?
Answer:
The issue raised in the poem is that the wife and the daughter should also have a share in the property of their husband and father.
Yes, this is an important issue because who is going to look after the financial needs of the wife, after the death of her husband.
The daughter has equal right to get a share in the property of her father. There should be no discrimination between the boy child and the girl child.
5. In what ways are the work of the Panchayat, that you read about in the previous chapter, and the work of the Patwari related to each other ?
Answer:
The Patwari keeps record of ownership of land, location, size and other facilities. He also has to keep a copy in the office of the Panchayat for easy accessibility and no one can tamper with the records.
6. Visit a Police station and find out the work that the police have to do to prevent crime and maintain law and order in their area especially during festivals, public meetings etc.
Answer:
- The police keeps a record of all suspected criminals together with their photographs.
- In order to maintain law and order, the police goes on regular rounds, both during the daytime and at night.
- The police has a P.C.O. van, which comes into action immediately, after the crime has been reported.
- During festivals and public meetings, police booths are opened at the place of action and immediate action is taken.
7. Who is in charge of all the police stations in a district ? Find out.
Answer:
The Deputy Commissioner or the District Magistrate is incharge of all the police stations in a district. He is normally an officer from the Indian Administrative Service.
8. How do women benefit under the new law ?
Answer:
The new law is the Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005. According to the new law, son, daughters and their mother can get an equal share in the land. The same law will apply to all states and union territories of the country. This law will benefit large number of people. They can live with the assurance that if she ever has a problem she can always depend upon her share of the land.
9. In your neighbourhood are there women who own property ? How did they acquire it ?
Answer:
The property can be acquired in the following ways -
- A peroson can buy property from his own earnings. If the women is employed and have saved enough, she can bu her own property.
- A women can get a share in the property, after the death of her husband.
- A women can inherit property, after the death of the father or the mother, if they have not left any 'will' or stating how the property is to be divided between the sons and daughters.