NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 7 - Lifelines of National Economy
Exercises, Page - 90
1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east-west corridor ?
(a) Mumbai and Nagpur (c) Mumbai and Kolkata
(b) Silchar and Porbandar (d) Nagpur and Siligudi
Answer: (c) Silchar and Porbandar
(ii) Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays ?
(a) Railways (c) Pipeline
(b) Roadways (d) Waterways
Answer: (c) Pipeline
(iii) Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline ?
(a) Madhya Pradesh (c) Gujrat
(b) Maharashtra (d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: (b) Maharashtra
(iv) Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast ?
(a) Chennai (c) Tuticorin
(b) Paradwip (d) Vishakhapatnam
Answer: (d) Vishakhapatnam
(v) Which one of the following is the most important modes of transportation in India ?
(a) Pipeline (c) Roadways
(b) Railways (d) Airways
Answer: (d) Airways
(vi) Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries ?
(a) Internal trade (c) External trade
(b) International trade (d) Local trade
Answer: (b) International trade
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) State any three merits of roadways.
Answer:
- Construction cost of road is less.
- It provides door to door service.
- Road can negotiate higher gradients of slopes.
(ii) Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation ?
Answer:
Railways are the most convenient means of transportation in plains. The plains have high population density, rich agricultural resources and it is easy to construct railway lines in plains.
(iii) What is the significance of border roads ?
Answer:
Border roads have strategic importance in border areas. It is easy and accessible to reach these areas. It strengthens our defence preparedness.
(iv) What is meant by trade ? what is the difference between international and local trade ?
Answer:
The exchange of surplus goods among people of states and countries is called trade. Trade between two countries is called international trade. Local trade is trade carried in cities, towns and villages.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy ?
Answer:
A good network of roads, railways, waterways and airways are the life-lines of a country. The agricultural and economic development of a country depends upon efficient transport system. The development of means of transport is essential for the utilisation of natural resources. It is the basis of industries and the trade of country. It helps to join the far flung regions into a single national economy. These help in defending the interdependence and the national unity of a country. Just as the arteries supply blood to the different parts of human body, similarly, transport system maintains the movement of men and different products in different parts of the country.
(ii) Write a note on the changing nature of the international trade in the last fifteen years.
Answer:
Mnay changes have taken place in India's foreign trade.
- Volume of trade - The volume of trade has increased many times. In 1951, the total trade was 1250 crore rupees; but due to industrial development; it has risen to 4,34,444 crore in 2000-2001.
- Change in Composition of Exports - The import-export trade has undergone many changes. India used to export tea, jute, leather, iron ore, spices, etc. But now manufactured goods are exported such as Engineering goods, Ready-made garments, Handicrafts, etc.
- Changes in the Composition of Imports - The ratio of food grains, cotton, jute increased in import trade. But now petroleum, fertilizer, steel, industrial raw materials, machinery, chemicals are mostly imported.