NCERT Solution for Geography Chapter 6 - Major Landforms of the Earth
The Earth has an infinite variety of landforms. Mountains, hills, plateaus and plains are the four major types of landforms. A mountain is any natural elevation of the earth surface. There are three types of mountains - Fold Mountains, block mountains and the volcanic mountains. A plateau is an elevated flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. Plains are large stretches of flats land. We, Textual Solution, are providing the NCERT Solution for class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 for students who want to excel in their studies and ace their final exam.
Intext Questions, Page - 44
1. Look carefully at photograph nos. 1-10. Write one sentences about each of the photograph.
Answer:
- Camels are the ships of deserts.
- A beach scene.
- People are enjoying boat race.
- A dense forest area.
- Mountain habitation.
- Women are plucking tea leaves.
- Tourist complexes
- Water rowing
- Animal grazing
- A beautiful scene of snow covered area.
2. Name the landform features shown in the photograph nos. 1, 2 and 7.
Answer:
- Sand dunes in desert area
- A coastal area
- Mountain areas
3. What appears to be the main use of this land ? (photograph no. 9)
Answer:
This land is mainly used for animals rearing and grazing.
4. What activity do you see in the photograph nos. 3, 6, 8 and 9.
Answer:
Photograph 3 - Boat racing
Photograph 6 - Plucking of tea leaves/Tea plantation
Photograph 8 - Boat rafting
Photograph 9 - Animal grazing
5. What type of houses do you see in photograph nos. 4 and 5.
Answer:
Types of houses :
- Photograph 4 - Sheds and tents
- Photograph 5 - Typical houses of hilly areas, along with slopy roofs.
6. Name the water sports/games shown in photograph nos. 3 and 8.
Answer:
Photograph 3 - Boat racing
Photograph 8 - Boat rowing/water surfing.
7. Name two means of transport shown in photograph nos. 1 and 10.
Answer:
Photograph 1 - Camels
Photograph 10 - Roads
1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms ?
Answer:
The surface of the earth is not same everywhere. It has an infinite variety of landforms. The major landforms are the mountains, hills, plateaus, basins, peninsula, islands etc.
(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau ?
Answer:
Mountain :
- Mountains are the high and step landforms that extend above the surrounding areas.
- Generally, mountains are the landforms that rise above 600 metres.
- Their elevation can exceed 800 m
- Mountains are rich in forests.
- More than half of the world's fresh water orginates in mountains.
- Himalayas, Rockies and Andes are the main mountains in the world.
Plateau :
- Plateaus are the flat surfaced areas, bounded by steep slopes.
- These are huge land forms. They cover hundreds or even thousands of kilometres.
- Their elevation can exceed 4500 m.
- Plateaus are the great reserviors of different minerals.
- The rivers of plateaus form waterfalls when they fall from a great height.
- Deccan plateau, East Africa plateau and Tibet are the major plateaus in the world.
(c) What are the different types of mountains ?
Answer:
There are three types of mountains in the world. These are the Fold mountains, Block mountains and the Volcanic mountains.
- Fold mountains : They form when the earth's crust bends and buckles. Himalayas, Andes and Rockies are the main fold mountains.
- Block mountains : They form when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. Vosges mountain of Europe is an example of Block mountain.
- Volcanic mountains : They form due to the volcanic activities. Mt. kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are the major vocanic mountains in the world.
(d) How are mountains useful to man ?
Answer:
Mountains are very useful to man because
- They are the large reservoir of water.
- They are the major sources of river and river water is widely used for irrigation purposes and in the production of hydroelectricity.
- Mountains are rich in variety of flora and fauna.
- They provide fuel, shelter, fodder and other forest products.
- They also support tourism industry by giving scenic beauty, clean air and fresh climate.
- They also encourage sports like skiing and mountain climbing.
(e) How plains are formed ?
Answer:
Plains are the flat and relatively low-lying areas of the earth's surface. These plains are formed by rivers their tributaries and distributies. The rivers flow down from mountains and erode them. They carry the eroded material (stones, sand, silt) and deposit it along their courses or in their valleys. In this way, the plains are formed with the help of deposit materials.
(f) Why are river plains thickly populated ?
Answer:
Generally, the plains are flat and made up of the fertile soil. So, they provide favourable conditions for agriculture. In plains rivers flow slowly. Therefore, it can be used for navigation. The construction of transport network is easy in flat areas. Due to these qualities, the river plains are thickly populated.
(g) Why are mountains thinly populated ?
Answer:
Mountais are thinly populated because they have steep slopes and lack in good soil. These conditions are not favourable for agriculture. The steep slopes, on the other hand, make the transportation and physical communication difficult. Mountain areas in the world are not much developed, so they can't provide modern facilities to their people.
2. Tick the correct answers.
(a) The mountain differ from the hills in terms of
(i) elevation (ii) slope (iii) aspect
Answer:
(i) elevation
(b) Glaciers are found in
(i) the mountains (ii) the plains (iii) the plateaus
Answer:
(i) the mountains
(c) The Deccan Plateau is locted in
(i) Kenya (ii) Australlia (iii) India
Answer:
(iii) India
(d) The river Yangtze flows in
(i) South America (ii) Australlia (iii) China
Answer:
(iii) China
(e) An important mountain range of Europe is
(i) the Andes (ii) the Alps (iii) the Rockies
Answer:
(ii) the Alps
3. Fill in the blanks.
- A______ is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
- The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of_____types of mountains.
- _____areas are rich in mineral deposits.
- The _____ is a line of mountains.
- The _____ areas are most productive for farming.
Answer:
- plateau
- young fold
- plateau
- range
- plain